Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Gulma merupakan tumbuhan pengganggu yang berkompetisi dengan tanaman budidaya. pengendalian gulma yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan herbisida sintetis. untuk mengurangi dampak negatif dari penggunaan herbisida sintetis, penggunaan bioherbisida dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif penggantinya untuk mengendalikan gulma yaitu dengan menggunakan potensi metabolit sekunder (alelokimia) yang terkandung pada tumbuhan. babadotan (ageratum conyzoides l.) merupakan salah satu gulma yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioherbisida karena mengandung senyawa alelokimia. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi ekstrak etil asetat babadotan pada berbagai konsentrasi terhadap pertumbuhan terhadap gulma rumput kerbau, teki, dan gulma brambangan. penelitian ini berlangsung dari desember 2023 sampai dengan maret 2024 yang dilaksanakan di laboratorium ilmu gulma departemen agroteknologi fakultas pertanian, laboratorium analisis pangan dan hasil pertanian departemen teknologi hasil pertanian fakultas pertanian, laboratorium kimia organik departemen kimia fakultas matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alam dan kebun percobaan fakultas pertanian, universitas syiah kuala, banda aceh. rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap (ral) pola non faktorial terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 12 satuan percobaan. setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 2 unit, dan diperoleh 72 unit percobaan untuk ketiga jenis gulma, yaitu gulma rumput kerbau, teki dan brambangan. perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol (aquades), ekstrak etil asetat babadotan konsentrasi 10%, 20% dan 30%. hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak etil asetat babadoan pada berbagai konsentrasi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi, jumlah daun, kadar klorofil daun, bobot basah, bobot kering, dan persentase pengendalian gulma rumput kerbau. aplikasi ekstrak etil asetat pada berbagai konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun, kadar klorofil daun, dan bobot basah, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap panjang, diameter umbi, bobot kering, dan persentase pengendalian gulma teki. aplikasi ekstrak etil asetat babadotan pada berbagai konsentrasi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi, jumlah daun, kadar klorofil daun, luas daun, bobot basah, dan bobot kering, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase pengendalian gulma brambangan. pengaplikasian ekstrak etil asetat babadotan konsentrasi 20% mampu mengendalikan pertumbuhan gulma brambangan, rumput kerbau, dan teki berturut-turut sebesar 100% (keracunan efek sangat berat), 85,20% (keracunan efek berat), dan 36,27% (keracunan efek sedang) pada 7 hsa.

Weeds are nuisance plants that compete with cultivated crops. The most widely practiced weed control is by using synthetic herbicides. To reduce the negative impact of using synthetic herbicides, the use of bioherbicides can be used as an alternative replacement to control weeds, namely by using the potential of secondary metabolites (allelochemicals) contained in plants. Babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is one of the weeds that can be utilized as a bioherbicide because it contains allelochemical compounds. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of babadotan ethyl acetate extract at various concentrations on the growth of buffalo grass weeds, teki, and brambangan weeds. This research was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024 at the Weed Science Laboratory of the Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Agricultural Products Analysis Laboratory of the Department of Agricultural Products Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Organic Chemistry Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences and Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The design used in the study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial pattern consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications, so there were 12 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 2 units, and obtained 72 experimental units for the three types of weeds, namely Buffalo Grass Weed, Teki and Brambangan. The treatments consisted of control (distilled water), babadotan ethyl acetate extract concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30%. The results showed that the application of babadoan ethyl acetate extract at various concentrations had a very significant effect on height, number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll content, wet weight, dry weight, and percentage of buffalo grass weed control. The application of ethyl acetate extract at various concentrations had a significant effect on the number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll content, and wet weight, but had no significant effect on the length, tuber diameter, dry weight, and percentage of control of weed. Application of ethyl acetate extract of babadotan at various concentrations had a very significant effect on height, number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf area, wet weight, and dry weight, but had a significant effect on the percentage of control of brambangan weed. The application of 20% concentration of babadotan ethyl acetate extract was able to control the growth of brambangan, buffalo grass, and teki weeds by 100% (very severe poisoning effect), 85.20% (severe poisoning effect), and 36.27% (moderate poisoning effect) at 7 Days After Application (HSA).