Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak. cabai (capsicum annuum l.) merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang sangat penting karena memiliki nilai ekonomi dan kandungan gizinya yang tinggi. produktivitas cabai dipengaruhi oleh kondisi iklim, cuaca, serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman yaitu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gejala serangan begomovirus dan karakter morfologi tanaman cabai turunan f2 hasil persilangan genotipe bapep-5 dan bapep-4 di dataran menengah. penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan balai latihan penyuluh pertanian (blpp) saree kecamatan lembah seulawah, kabupaten aceh besar yang telah berlangsung dari bulan februari sampai dengan juli 2020. bahan tanam yang digunakan yaitu benih tanaman cabai turunan f2 hasil persilangan genotipe bapep-5 dan bapep-4 sebanyak 722 tanaman dan dijadikan sebagai sampel 500 tanaman, benih cabai genotipe bapep-5 sebanyak 164 tanaman dengan 15 sampel dan benih cabai genotipe bapep-4 sebanyak 168 tanaman dengan 15 sampel. parameter yang diamati adalah persentase serangan virus, kategori gejala serangan begomovirus, karakter morfologi tanaman terdiri dari (umur berbunga (hari), warna batang, warna daun, warna mahkota bunga, posisi tangkai bunga, dan bentuk daun) dan pengukuran suhu. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase gejala serangan begomovirus pada tanaman cabai turunan f2 dengan serangan awal pada umur 15 hst sebesar 4,4%, genotipe bapep-5 sebesar 6,7%, dan genotipe bapep-4 serangan awal pada umur 30 hst sebesar 13,3%. persentase serangan tertinggi turunan f2 pada umur 60 hst sebesar 100% dengan kategori gejala serangan yang parah adalah kuning penuh (full yellow = fy) sebesar 55,2%, genotipe bapep-5 dan genotipe bapep-4 pada umur 45 hst sebesar 100% dengan kategori gejala serangan yang parah adalah kuning (yellow = y), genotipe bapep-5 sebesar 80% dan genotipe bapep-4 sebesar 73,3%. pada umur 75 hst terjadinya recovery tanaman sehingga persentase serangan virus menurun, pada turunan f2 sebesar 97,2% dan genotipe bapep-5 sebesar 80%. gejala yang tampak yaitu daun keriting, daun menguning di pangkal, daun menguning penuh, terserang berat seperti daun menguning di seluruh helaian dan tulang daun, dan terserang sangat berat seperti daun-daun menggulung bentuk mangkuk, serta ukuran tanaman menjadi kerdil. karakter morfologi tanaman cabai turunan f2, genotipe bapep-5 dan bapep-4 dengan warna batang cenderung lebih banyak warna hijau dengan garis ungu (hgu). kata kunci : virus, begomovirus, morfologi, genotipe bapep-5 dan bapep-4 abstrac. chili (capsicum annuum l.) is a very important horticultural plant because of its economic value and high nutritional value. the productivity of chilies is influenced by climatic conditions, weather, attack by plant pests, namely diseases caused by viruses. this study aims to identify the symptoms of begomovirus infection and the morphological characters of chili plants derived from f2 from crossing the bapep-5 and bapep-4 genotypes in the mediumlands. this research was carried out in the experimental garden of the saree agricultural extension training center (blpp), lembah seulawah district, aceh besar district which has been going on from february to july 2020. the planting material used is the f2 derivative chilli seed from crossing the bapep-5 and bapep-4 genotypes as many as 722 plants and used as a sample of 500 plants, as many as 164 plants of the bapep-5 genotype chili with 15 samples and 168 plants of bapep-4 genotype chili seeds with 15 samples. parameters observed were virus infection percentage, begomovirus infection symptom category, plant morphological characters (flowering age (days), stem color, leaf color, flower crown color, flower stalk position, and leaf shape) and temperature measurements. the results showed that the percentage of begomovirus infection symptoms on chili plants derived from f2 with an initial infection at the age of 15 dap was 4.4%, the bapep-5 genotype was 6.7%, and the bapep-4 genotype initial infection at the age of 30 dap was 13.3%. the highest infection percentage of f2 derivatives at the age of 60 dap was 100% with the category of severe infection symptoms was full yellow (full yellow = fy) of 55.2%, the bapep-5 genotype and the bapep-4 genotype at the age of 45 dap were 100% the category of severe infection symptoms was yellow (yellow = y), the bapep-5 genotype was 80% and the bapep-4 genotype was 73.3%. at the age of 75 dap, plant recovery occurred so that the percentage of virus infection decreased, for the f2 strain it was 97.2% and the bapep-5 genotype was 80%. symptoms that appear are curly leaves, yellowing leaves at the base, fully yellowing leaves, severe infections such as yellowing leaves all over the leaf blade and bones, and very severe infections such as leaves curling into a bowl shape, and the size of the plant becoming stunted. morphological characters of f2 derivative chilli, bapep-5 and bapep-4 genotypes with stem colors tend to be more green with purple lines (hgu). key words: virus, begomovirus, morphology, bapep-5 and bapep-4 genotypes