Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK



Kayu pinus yang menghasilkan tar pinus (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de vriese) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian formulasi sediaan sabun padat dan uji aktivitas antibakteri tar pinus (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de vriese) sebagai alternatif pengobatan eksim dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui konsentrasi tar pinus yang dapat memberikan efek antibakteri, tar pinus dapat diformulasikan dalam bentuk sabun padat dan memenuhi parameter uji sediaan dan uji aktivitas sabun padat terhadap S. aureus. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil tar pinus yang diperoleh adalah 104,79 gram. Hasil uji fitokimia tar pinus mengandung flavonoid, tanin dan triterpenoid. Hasil uji sensitivitas antibiotik klindamisin terhadap bakteri S. aureus konsentrasi 0,5% 25,6 mm termasuk kategori sensitif, konsentrasi 5% 37,9 mm termasuk kategori sensitif, dan konsentrasi 10% menghasilkan zona hambat 44,0 mm termasuk kategori sensitif. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri tar pinus terhadap bakteri S. aureus konsentrasi 15% 13,1 mm termasuk kategori sedang, konsentrasi 18% 14,2 mm termasuk kategori sedang, konsentrasi 21 % 16,4 mm termasuk kategori sedang. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi 24% menghasilkan zona hambat 23,0 mm yang termasuk kategori kuat. Hasil evaluasi sediaan sabun padat tar pinus pada uji organoleptik sesuai. Hasil uji pH memenuhi syarat mutu sabun mandi namun kesesuaian dengan pH kulit anak belum memenuhi persyaratan, kadar air dan tinggi busa memenuhi syarat parameter sediaan yang baik. Hasil uji iritasi tidak menimbulkan reaksi iritasi. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri sabun padat tar pinus pada F1 terhadap bakteri S. aureus termasuk kategori kuat yaitu 25 mm. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut dalam disimpulkan sediaan memenuhi syarat parameter sediaan yang baik kecuali pada kesesuain pH dengan pH kulit anak, serta F1 dengan konsentrasi 24% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri S. aureus.


Kata kunci: Antibakteri, sabun padat, s. aureus

ABSTRACT Pine wood that produces pine tar (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de vriese) is a plant that has antibacterial activity. Research on the formulation of solid soap preparations and the antibacterial activity test of pine tar (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de vriese) as an alternative to eczema treatment was carried out with the aim of knowing the concentration of pine tar that can provide an antibacterial effect, pine tar can be formulated in the form of solid soap and meet the parameters of the preparation test and solid soap activity test. against S. aureus. Antibacterial activity test using well diffusion method. The yield of pine tar obtained was 104.79 grams. Phytochemical test results of pine tar contain flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids. The results of the sensitivity test of clindamycin to S. aureus bacteria with a concentration of 0.5% 25.6 mm included in the sensitive category, 5% concentration 37.9 mm in the sensitive category, and a concentration of 10% resulted in an inhibition zone of 44.0 mm including the sensitive category. The results of the antibacterial activity test of pine tar against S. aureus bacteria at a concentration of 15% 13.1 mm were in the medium category, a concentration of 18% 14.2 mm was in the medium category, and a concentration of 21% 16.4 mm was in the medium category. Meanwhile, at a concentration of 24%, it produces an inhibition zone of 23.0 mm which is included in the strong category. The results of the evaluation of the pine tar solid soap preparation on the organoleptic test were appropriate. The results of the pH test met the quality requirements of the bath soap but the suitability for the pH of the child's skin did not meet the requirements, the water content and high foam met the requirements for good preparation parameters. The results of the irritation test did not cause an irritation reaction. The results of the antibacterial activity of pine tar solid soap in F1 against S. aureus were included in the strong category, namely 25 mm. Based on this research, it was concluded that the preparation met the requirements of good preparation parameters except for the pH suitability with the pH of the child's skin, and F1 with a concentration of 24% had antibacterial activity against S. aureus bacteria. Keyword: Antibacterial, solid soap, s. aureus