Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Infeksi cacing di Indonesia paling banyak disebabkan oleh kelompok cacing Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH). Askariasis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh cacing Ascaris lumbricoides. Salah satu tumbuhan yang mempunyai aktivitas antelmintik adalah Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) yang merupakan famili Myrtaceae. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jumlah kandungan total fenolik, total tanin, dan total flavonoid yang ada didalam ekstrak metanol daun dan kulit batang Jamblang (S. cumini) dan menentukan aktivitas ekstrak metanol daun dan kulit batang Jamblang (S. cumini) sebagai anti helminth pada cacing gelang (Ascaridia galli). Hasil kadar total fenolik, total tanin, dan total flavonoid dalam ekstrak metanol daun Jamblang berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 67,55 mg GAE/g, 396,81 mg TAE/g, dan 116,25 mg QE/g sedangkan kadar total fenolik, total tanin, dan total flavonoid dalam ekstrak metanol kulit batang Jamblang yaitu 61,35 mg GAE/g, 340,14 mg TAE/g, dan 79,82 mg QE/g. Organisme uji dibagi dalam enam kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 10 ekor cacing Ascaridia galli . Kelompok I, II, III, dan IV adalah kelompok uji ekstrak metanol daun dan kulit batang Jamblang pada konsentrasi 5, 10, 15, dan 20%, kelompok V, adalah kontrol postitif yaitu albendazol pada konsentrasi 2%, sedangkan kelompok kontrol negatif menggunakan NaCl 0,9%. Data yang dianalisa adalah jumlah kematian cacing dan persentase kematian pada setiap perlakuan selama 3 jam yang diamati setiap 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar total fenolik, total tanin, dan total flavonoid banyak terkandung dalam ekstrak metanol daun Jamblang (S. cumini). Ekstrak metanol daun dan kulit batang Jamblang (S. cumini) memiliki efek anti helminth pada semua konsentrasi dan yang mempunyai efek anti helminth paling baik dengan jumlah persen kematian cacing paling besar yaitu pada konsentrasi 20%. Nilai LC50 yang didapatkan pada ekstrak metanol daun Jamblang sebesar 6,605% sedangkan pada ekstrak metanol kulit batang Jamblang sebesar 7,318%.

Kata kunci : daun dan kulit batang Jamblang, anti helminth, Ascaridia galli, LC50

Most of worm infections in Indonesia are caused by the Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) worm group. Ascariasis is a disease that caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. One of the plants that has anthelmintic activity is Jamblang (Syzygium cumini) which is a member of the Myrtaceae family. The ain of this study was to determine the total phenolic content, total tannins, and total flavonoids present in the methanolic extract of Jamblang leaves and bark (S. cumini) also to determine the activity of the methanolic extract of Jamblang leaves and bark (S. cumini) as an anti-helminth on roundworms (Ascaridia galli). The results for total phenolic, total tannin, and total flavonoid levels in the methanolic extract of Jamblang leaves consecutively were 67.55 mg GAE/g, 396.81 mg TAE/g, and 116.25 mg QE/g, while the total phenolic, total tannins, and total flavonoids content in the methanolic extract of Jamblang bark consecutively were 61.35 mg GAE/g, 340.14 mg TAE/g, and 79.82 mg QE/g. The experimental organisms were divided into six groups, each consisting of 30 Ascaridia galli worms. Groups I, II, III, and IV were the test groups of methanolic extract of Jamblang leaves and bark at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20%, group V, was the positive control for albendazole at concentration of 2%, while the negative control group used NaCl 0,9%. The data analyzed were the number of worm deaths and the percentage of deaths in each treatment for 3 hours which were observed every 10 minutes. The results showed that the levels of total phenolics, total tannins, and total flavonoids were contained in the methanolic extract of Jamblang leaves (S. cumini). Methanolic extract of leaves and bark of Jamblang (S. cumini) has an anti-helminth effect at all concentrations and the one with the best anti-helminth effect, and the highest percentage of worm deaths was at a concentration of 20%. The LC50 value obtained in the Jamblang leaf methanolic extract was 6.605% while in the Jamblang bark methanolic extract was 7.318%. Keywords: leaves and bark of Jamblang, anti-helminth, Ascaridia galli, LC50