Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Aktivitas antibakterial terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes telah dilakukan menggunakan minyak atsiri serai wangi hasil destilasi dengan metode uap air dari perkebunan dua lokasi yang berbeda, Kabupaten Bener Meriah dan Kabupaten Aceh Jaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat aktivitas minyak serai wangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri P. acnes. Hasil karakteristik minyak atsiri serai wangi asal Bener Meriah dan Aceh Jaya berturut-turut adalah warna kuning pucat dan kuning kecoklatan; indeks bias 1,474 dan 1,471; bobot jenis 0,879 dan 0,878; kelarutan dalam etanol 1:2 dan 1:2; dan kandungan zat asing (asam lemak) positif dan negatif. Analisis kandungan senyawa kimia minyak atsiri serai wangi asal Bener Meriah menggunakan GC-MS diperoleh 21 senyawa dengan komponen utama sitronelal 31,76%, geraniol 24,98%, dan sitronelol 15,58%. Analisis kandungan senyawa kimia minyak atsiri serai wangi asal Aceh Jaya menggunakan GC-MS diperoleh 26 senyawa dengan komponen utama sitronelal 41,72%, geraniol 9,60%, dan sitronelol 21,49%. Uji aktivitas antibakterial minyak atsiri serai wangi terhadap P. acnes dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran dengan menggunakan variasi konsentrasi 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; dan 30% yang mana menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri serai wangi asal Bener Meriah dan Aceh Jaya memiliki aktivitas penghambatan terbesar pada konsentrasi 30% dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 21,2 dan 23,5 mm dan terkecil pada konsentrasi 5% dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 11, 2 dan 13,1 mm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri serai wangi asal Bener Meriah dan Aceh Jaya memiliki potensi yang baik dalam menghambat aktivitas bakteri P. acnes.

Kata Kunci: aktivitas antibakterial, Propionibacterium acnes, minyak atsiri serai wangi, Bener Meriah, Aceh Jaya

Antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria has been carried out using citronella essential oil which was distilled using the water and steam distillation method from the citronella farm in two different locations, Bener Meriah Regency and Aceh Jaya Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of citronella essential oil in inhibiting the growth of P. acnes. The results of the characteristics of citronella essential oil from Bener Meriah and Aceh Jaya, were pale yellow and brownish yellow; refractive index 1.474 and 1.471; specific gravity 0.879 and 0.878; solubility in ethanol 1:2 and 1:2; and the content of foreign substances (fatty acid) positive and negative, respectively. Analysis of chemical compounds of citronella essential oil from Bener Meriah using GC-MS obtained 21 compounds with the main components citronellal 31,76%, geraniol 24,98%, and citronellol 15,58%. Analysis of chemical compounds of citronella essential oil from Aceh Jaya using GCMS obtained 26 compounds with the main components citronellal 41,72%, geraniol 9,60%, and citronellol 21,49%. Antibacterial activity test of the citronella essential oil against P. acnes was carried out by the well diffusion method using various concentrations of 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; and 30% which showed that citronella essential oil from Bener Meriah and Aceh Jaya could inhibit the growth of P. acnes bacteria at the largest concentration of 30% with an average diameter of the inhibition zone, were 21,2 and 23,5 mm, respectively and the smallest concentration of 5% with an average diameter of the inhibition zone, were 11,6 and 13,1 mm, respectively. The results of this study indicated that citronella essential oil from Bener Meriah and Aceh Jaya has good potential in inhibiting the activity of P. acnes bacteria. Keyword: antibacterial activity, Propionibacterium acnes, citronella essential oil, Bener Meriah, Aceh Jaya