Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian formulasi sabun mandi padat ekstrak etil asetat kulit kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil) telah dilakukan. Ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang kratom mengandung saponin, flavonoid, terpenoid, dan steroid yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Sabun jika ditambahkan zat antibakteri dari ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang kratom dapat membuat kulit terhindar dari iritasi akibat bakteri dan mengurangi penggunaan zat antibakteri sintetik seperti triklokarban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis formulasi sabun mandi padat ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang kratom berdasarkan mutu sabun mandi padat menurut SNI 3532:2021 dan menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri sabun terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Pembuatan sabun dengan metode cold-process, menggunakan campuran minyak padat, minyak cair, NaOH, dan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang kratom, yaitu 0,02% (F1), 0,03% (F2), dan 0,05% (F3). Uji mutu sabun mandi padat meliputi uji kadar air, pH, asam lemak bebas atau alkali bebas, serta uji tinggi dan stabilitas busa. Uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air sabun 11,37‒12,37%; pH 10,23‒10,48; kadar asam lemak bebas 0,3572‒0,3760%; persentase busa yang hilang 16,78‒39,00%; dan stabilitas busa 61,00‒83,22%. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan 3 formulasi sabun tidak efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan diameter zona hambat 0,0 mm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sabun mandi padat ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang kratom telah memenuhi syarat mutu menurut SNI 3532:2021 dan tidak efektif terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.

This research studied the formulation of solid bath soap ethyl acetate extract of kratom stem bark (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil). The ethyl acetate extract of kratom stem bark contains saponin, flavonoids, and steroids that retain the Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial activity. The addition of an antibacterial agent from ethyl acetate extract of kratom stem bark could avoid bacterial irritation on human skin as well as reduce synthetic antibacterial agents such as triclocarban. This research aimed to analyze the formulation of solid bath soap with additional ethyl acetate extract of kratom stem bark per the SNI 3532:2021 solid bath soap quality standardization and to analyze the soap's antibacterial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus. The soap was produced with the cold-process method using the mix of solid and liquid oil, NaOH, and a varied percentage of the extract, i.e. 0.02% (F1), 0.03% (F2), and 0.05% (F3). The quality tests covered the water content, pH, free fatty acid and alkali, and foam height and stability tests. Subsequently, the disk diffusion method was used in the Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial activity test. The result of the quality test revealed the soap attributes with 11.37‒12.37% water content; pH 10.23‒10.48; 0.3572‒0.3760% free fatty acid content; 16,78‒39,00% foam loss percentage; and 61,00‒83,22% foam stability. Whereas, the result of the antibacterial activity test discovered that all three formulations of the soap were ineffective in suppressing the Staphylococcus aureus bacterial growth with an inhibition zone diameter of 0.0 mm. Based on the research result, it is concluded that the solid bath soap with additional ethyl acetate extract of kratom stem bark has met the quality requirements of SNI 3532:2021 however was found to be an ineffective antibacterial of the Staphylococcus aureus.