Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Rikza (2023). Pengembangan video tutorial remedial berbasis e-learning untuk meningkatkan penalaran spasial siswa SMP

Penalaran spasial dibutuhkan siswa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, seperti ketika membayangkan arah suatu objek, menelusuri objek pada peta, mengingat dan menghafal jalan, menggambar denah rumah, dan merangkai puzzle. Di samping itu, penalaran spasial digunakan sebagai salah satu tes untuk memasuki jenjang pendidikan lanjutan atau seleksi kerja. Namun, pada kenyataannya penalaran spasial siswa maupun mahasiswa masih tergolong rendah sehingga perlu untuk ditingkatkan. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan penalaran spasial yaitu melalui video tutorial remedial untuk menjawab tes penalaran spasial. Video tutorial remedial dan tes penalaran spasial dapat disajikan secara online berbasis e-learning. Video tutorial telah dikembangkan sebelumnya, namun analisis terhadap video menunjukkan adanya keterbatasan dalam video tutorial yang sudah tersedia, di antaranya video tidak melibatkan siswa secara aktif, penyajian soal contoh soal terbatas, tidak menggunakan animasi bergerak (3D), menggunakan suara mesin dan video spatial visualization masih terbatas pada satu level kesukaran. Berdasarkan keterbatasan tersebut, video perlu ditindaklanjuti dengan cara merevisi video tutorial agar lebih mudah dipahami oleh siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik pengembangan video tutorial remedial berbasis e-learning untuk meningkatkan penalaran spasial siswa SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek dalam penelitian yaitu siswa kelas VIII dan IX yang berasal dari sekolah level tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar analisis kebutuhan, lembar validasi, lembar kepraktisan, lembar respon siswa dan tes penalaran spasial. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus persentase dan N-gain untuk mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan video yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu produk berupa video tutorial remedial berbasis e-learning untuk meningkatkan penalaran spasial siswa yang merupakan bentuk revisi dari video yang telah ada sebelumnya. Adapun aspek yang direvisi berupa aspek keterlibatan siswa, penambahan pembahasan dan contoh soal, perubahan animasi 2D menjadi animasi 3D, pergantian suara mesin menjadi suara manusia dan variasi level kesukaran pada video spatial visualization. Video tutorial remedial berbasis e-learning pada materi penalaran spasial memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Video tutorial remedial berbasis e-learning pada materi penalaran spasial memenuhi kriteria valid dari ahli, mendapatkan respon positif dari guru dan siswa serta dapat meningkatkan penalaran spasial siswa.

Kata Kunci: Video Tutorial, Remedial berbasis E-Learning, Penalaran Spasial

ABSTRACT Rikza (2023). Development of e-learning based remedial video tutorials to improve junior high school students' spatial reasoning Spatial reasoning is needed by students in everyday life, such as when imagining the direction of an object, tracing objects on a map, remembering and memorizing roads, drawing house plans, and assembling puzzles. On the other hand, spatial reasoning is used as a test to enter further education or job selection. However, in reality the spatial reasoning of pupils and students is still relatively low so it needs to be improved. One way to improve spatial reasoning is through remedial video tutorials for answering spatial reasoning tests. Remedial video tutorials and spatial reasoning tests can be presented online based on e-learning. Video tutorials have been developed previously, but video analysis shows limitations in the video tutorials that are already available, including videos that do not actively involve students, limited presentation of example questions, do not use moving animation (3D), use machine sound and spatial visualization videos are still limited to one level of difficulty. Based on these limitations, the video needs to be followed up by revising the tutorial video so that it is easier for students to understand. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of developing e-learning based remedial video tutorials to improve junior high school students' spatial reasoning. This research uses research and development methods with the ADDIE development model. The subjects in the research were students in grades VIII and IX who came from high, medium and low level schools. Data was collected through analysis of requirement sheets, validation sheets, practicality sheets, student response sheets and spatial reasoning tests. Data was analyzed using percentage and N-gain formulas to determine the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the videos developed. This research produces a product in the form of an e-learning based remedial video tutorial to improve students' spatial reasoning which is a form of revision of a previously existing video. The revised aspects include aspects of student involvement, adding discussions and example questions, changing 2D animation to 3D animation, changing machine sounds to human voices and varying levels of difficulty in video spatial visualization. E-learning based remedial video tutorials on spatial reasoning material meet the criteria of being valid, practical and effective. E-learning based remedial video tutorials on spatial reasoning material meet valid criteria from experts, get positive responses from teachers and students and can improve students' spatial reasoning. Keywords: Video Tutorial, E-Learning based Remedial, Spatial Reasoning