Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) merupakan komoditas pertanian, mempunyai rasa yang unik yakni perpaduan rasa manis dan asam menjadikan buah yang banyak diminati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh isolat rizobakteri indigenous dalam menginduksi ketahanan sistemik, meningkatkan aktivitas enzim peroksidase dan menghambat pertumbuhan serta ketahanan penyakit Phytopthora infestans. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala. Rancangan yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 9 perlakuan rizobakteri dan 1 perlakuan kontrol dimana masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah viabilitas dan vigor benih tomat yang terdiri dari potensi tumbuh maksimum (PTM), daya berkecambah (DB), indeks vigor (IV), keserempakan tumbuh (KsT), kecepatan tumbuh relatif (KcT-R) dan waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai 50% perkecambahan (T50), pertumbuhan bibit tomat yang terdiri dari tinggi batang, diameter batang dan jumlah daun, induksi ketahanan sistemik terdiri dari pengukuran enzim peroksidase tanpa phytopthora infestans, pengukuran enzim peroksidase menggunakan phytopthora infestans serta kerjadian penyakit pada bibit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perlakuan benih dengan menggunakan rizobakteri isolat indigenous berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter viabilitas dan vigor benih tomat rizobakteri PM 6/2 cenderung lebih baik, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap parameter pertumbuhan bibit tomat rizobakteri IA 6/3 cenderung terbaik meningkatkan tinggi bibit, rizobakteri LL 7/3 lebih baik dalam pertumbuhan diameter batang bibit dan rizobakteri IA 6/3 cenderung lebih baik menambah jumlah daun pada bibit, serta berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap parameter induksi ketahanan sistemik yaitu pengukuran aktivitas enzim peroksidase tanpa Phytopthora infestans rizobakteri TPS 6/2 dengan nilai 1,23 U mg-1 protein dan pengukuran aktivitas enzim peroksidase Phytopthora infestans rizobakteri IA 8/1 dengan nilai 1,19 U mg-1 dan kejadian penyakit pada bibit terdapat 9 jenis rizobakteri yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen Phytopthora infestans yaitu PM 6/1, PM 6/2, PM 8/1, IA 6/3, IA 8/1, IA 8/3, LL 7/3, TPS 6/1 dan TPS 6/2 dengan persentase terserang 0%.

The tomato plant (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is an agricultural commodity, has a unique taste, namely a combination of sweet and sour, making it a much sought after fruit. This research aims to determine the effect of indigenous rhizobacteria isolates in inducing systemic resistance, increasing peroxidase enzyme activity and inhibiting growth and disease resistance of Phytopthora infestans. This research was carried out at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University. The design used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 rhizobacteria treatments and 1 control treatment where each treatment was repeated 3 times. The parameters observed were the viability and vigor of tomato seeds which consisted of maximum growth potential (PTM), germination power (DB), vigor index (IV), growth simultaneity (KsT), relative growth speed (KcT-R) and the time required for achieving 50% germination (T50), growth of tomato seedlings consisting of stem height, stem diameter and number of leaves, systemic resistance induction consisting of measuring peroxidase enzymes without phytopthora infestans, measuring peroxidase enzymes using phytopthora infestans and disease occurrence in seedlings. The results of the research showed that seed treatment using indigenous rhizobacteria isolates had a very significant effect on the viability and vigor parameters of PM 6/2 rhizobacteria tomato seeds which tended to be better, but had no significant effect on the growth parameters of IA 6/3 rhizobacterial tomato seedlings which tended to be the best in increasing seed height. LL 7/3 rhizobacteria are better at growing the stem diameter of seedlings and IA 6/3 rhizobacteria tend to be better at increasing the number of leaves on seedlings, and have no significant effect on systemic resistance induction parameters, namely measuring peroxidase enzyme activity without Phytopthora infestans TPS 6/2 rhizobacteria with value of 1.23 U mg-1 protein and measurement of the peroxidase enzyme activity of Phytopthora infestans rhizobacteria IA 8/1 with a value of 1.19 U mg-1 and the incidence of disease in seedlings, there are 9 types of rhizobacteria that are able to inhibit the growth of the Phytopthora infestans pathogen, namely PM 6/ 1, PM 6/2, PM 8/1, IA 6/3, IA 8/1, IA 8/3, LL 7/3, TPS 6/1 and TPS 6/2 with an attack percentage of 0%.