Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Abstrak:
Cabai merupakan tanaman bernilai tinggi di Indonesia, namun produktivitasnya masih rendah karena permasalahan kesuburan tanah, terutama pada tanah ultisol. Mikoriza dan biochar bermanfaat untuk pertumbuhan tanaman dan penyerapan unsur hara. Mikoriza meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara dan struktur tanah, sedangkan biochar meningkatkan kolonisasi akar mikoriza dan karakteristik tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk hayati mikoriza dan biochar sekam padi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai di tanah ultisol. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sektor Timur Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala yang berlangsung pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Juni 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 4x4 dengan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor pertama yaitu jenis mikoriza (M0: tanpa mikoriza (kontrol), M1: G. Mosseae, M2: Gigaspora sp, M3: Gigaspora sp. + G. mosseae) dan faktor kedua adalah biochar (B0: Tanpa biochar (kontrol), B1: biochar 5 ton ha-1, B2: biochar 10 ton ha-1, B3: biochar 15 ton ha-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan jenis mikoriza mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan P tersedia pada tanaman cabai. Biochar sekam padi mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan diameter batang tanaman pada umur 15 HST. Terdapat interaksi antara jenis pupuk hayati mikoriza dan dosis biochar sekam padi yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan P tersedia pada tanaman cabai. Kesimpulannya, penambahan jenis mikoriza (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp, Campuran Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora sp.) mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan P tersedia pada tanaman cabai. Biochar sekam padi pada dosis (5, 10 dan 15 ton ha-1) mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan lingkar batang tanaman pada umur 15 HSPT. Terdapat interaksi antara jenis pupuk hayati mikoriza (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp, Campuran Glomus mosseae+ Gigaspora sp.) dan dosis biochar sekam padi (5, 10 dan 15 ton ha-1) yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketersediaan P dalam tanaman. tanaman cabai.
Kata Kunci : Ultisol, Mikoriza, Biochar

Abstract: Chili is a high-value plant in Indonesia, but its productivity is still low due to soil fertility issues, especially on ultisol soil. Mycorrhiza and biochar are beneficial for plant growth and nutrient absorption. Mycorrhiza improves nutrient availability and soil structure, while biochar enhances mycorrhizal root colonization and soil characteristics. This study aims to examine the effects of mycorrhizal biographical fertilizer and rice husk biochar on the growth and yield of chili plants in ultisol soil. This research was carried out at the Eastern Sector Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, which took place from January to June 2022. This study used a 4x4 factorial pattern Group Randomized Design (RAK) with 3 repeats. The factors in this study are the first factor, namely the type of mycorrhiza (M0: without mycorrhiza (control), M1: G. Mosseae, M2: Gigaspora sp, M3: Gigaspora sp. + G. mosseae) and the second factor is biochar (B0: Without biochar (control), B1: biochar 5 tons ha-1, B2: biochar 10 tons ha-1, B3: biochar 15 tons ha-1). The results showed that the addition of mycorrhizal species was able to increase growth and available P in chili plants. Rice husk biochar was able to increase the growth of plant Stem diameter at the age of 15 DAT. There was an interaction between the types of mycorrhizal biofertilizers and rice husk biochar doses capable of increasing growth and available P in chili plants. In conclusion, the addition of mycorrhizal species (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp, Mixed Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora sp.) was able to increase growth and available P in chili plants. Rice husk biochar at doses (5, 10 and 15 tons ha-1) was able to increase the growth of plant stem circumference at the age of 15 HSPT. There was an interaction between the types of mycorrhizal biofertilizers (Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp, Mixed Glomus mosseae+ Gigaspora sp.) and rice husk biochar doses (5, 10 and 15 tonnes ha-1) which were able to increase growth and available P in chili plants. Keywords: Ultisol, Mycorrhiza, Biochar