Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Padi merupakan komoditi strategis yang terus meningkat kebutuhannya. Upaya peningkatan produksi beras dilakukan dengan berbagai cara diantarnyanya dengan bukaan sawah baru. Sawah baru umumnya mempunyai tingkat kesuburan yang rendah sehingga perlu diberikan amandemen tanah dan dilakukan penanaman varietas unggul maupun lokal yang bersifat unggul. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat karakter argonomi dan serapan hara dari galur yang diteliti pada sawah bukaan baru. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bueng Tujoh Desa Atong, Kecamatan Montasik Kabupaten Aceh Besar pada lahan sawah yang dicetak pada tahun 2019. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada musim tanam Agustus sampai Desember 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok 3X6 dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 18 kombinasi perlakuam dan 54 satuan percobaan. Faktor yang diteliti adalah amendemen tanah dari A0 (tanpa pembenah tanah), A1 (pembenah tanah biochar 20 ton per hektar), A2 (pembenah pupuk kandang 20 ton per hektar). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara amandemen tanah dan galur yang diteliti terhadap tinggi tanaman 6 minggu setelah tanam (MST), tinggi tanaman waktu panen, berat berangkasan kering, berat berangkasan basah. Jumlah anakan saat panen, berat gabah perumpun, jumlah daun saat panen, jumlah malai, berat akar kering, berat tajur kering, rasio akar tajuk, indek panen, serapan nitrogen, serapan fosfat, serapan kalium pada tajuk tanaman padi. Terdapat perbedaan sifat agronomi dan serapan hara pada amandemen tanah yang berbeda yang ditanami dengan galur yang berbeda. Pembenah tanah pupuk kandang lebih efektif meningkatkan serapan hara N, P dan K pada sawah bukaan baru. Serapan nitrogen tertingggi terdapat pada tajuk, TG IRBB 27 , yaitu 1,50% serapan P tertinggi terdapat pada perlakukan pupuk kandang pada varietas Sigupai yaitu 0,27% sedangkan serapan K tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan pembenah tanah biochar dengan varietas Sigupai yaitu 0,22%. Potensi Hasil tertinggi tedapat pada inpari 42 yaitu 4,92 t ha-1 yang berbeda nyata dengan galur lainnya pada sawah bukaan baru. Amandemen tanah dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan hasil padi pada lahan bukaan baru.

Kata Kunci: Biocar, Galur Padi, Pupuk Kandang, Serapan Hara.

Rice is a strategic commodity whose demand continues to increase. Efforts to increase rice production are carried out in various ways, including opening new rice fields. New rice fields generally have a low level of fertility so it is necessary to provide soil amendments and plant high-yielding and local varieties. The research aims to examine the argonomic characteristics and nutrient uptake of the lines studied in newly opened rice fields. This research was carried out in Bueng Tujoh, Atong Village, Montasik District, Aceh Besar Regency on rice fields printed in 2019. This research was carried out in the planting season from August to December 2021. This research used a 3X6 Randomized Block Design with 3 replications so that there were 18 combinations of treatments and 54 experimental units. The factors studied were soil amendments from A0 (without soil amendment), A1 (biochar soil amendment 20 tons per hectare), A2 (manure amendment 20 tons per hectare). The research results showed that the interaction between soil amendments and the strains studied was on plant height 6 weeks after planting (WAP), plant height at harvest, dry fruit weight, wet fruit weight. Number of tillers at harvest, weight of grain in the clump, number of leaves at harvest, number of panicles, dry root weight, dry shoot weight, shoot root ratio, harvest index, nitrogen uptake, phosphate uptake, potassium uptake in the rice plant canopy. There are differences in agronomic properties and nutrient uptake in different soil amendments planted with different strains. Manure soil amendments are more effective in increasing the uptake of N, P and K nutrients in newly opened rice fields. The highest nitrogen uptake was found in the canopy, TG IRBB 27, namely 1.50%. The highest P uptake was found in the manure treatment of the Sigupai variety, namely 0.27%, while the highest K uptake was in the biochar soil amendment treatment with the Sigupai variety, namely 0.22%. . The highest yield potential was found in Inpari 42, namely 4.92 t ha-1, which was significantly different from other lines in newly opened rice fields. Soil amendments can increase soil fertility and rice yields on newly opened land. Keywords: Biocar, Rice Strains, Manure, Nutrient Uptake.