Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Salah satu faktor pendukung keberhasilan pemeliharaan ayam broiler adalah kesehatan ternak dimana pada umumnya untuk meningkatkan kekebalan ayam broiler peternak memberikan suplemen dan obat-obatan seperti antibiotik kimia. Penggunaan antibiotik kimia dapat menyebabkan residu bahan kimia berbahaya dalam produk yang dihasilkan dan menyebabkan resistensi bakteri-bakteri berbahaya yang terdapat di dalam tubuh ayam. Oleh karena itu, beberapa bahan pakan dapat digunakan sebagai feed additive alternatif alami sebagai pengganti feed additive komersial mampu meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh, dan memproduksi daging secara efisien. Feed additive alami yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan, antara lain, adalah tanaman obat. Banyak tanaman yang terdapat di Indonesia yang mempunyai potensi untuk dijadikan feed additive, antara lain, kelor (Moringa oleifera L).
Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP), Departemen Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala tanggal 29 Maret sampai dengan 2 Mei 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 ekor anak ayam broiler (DOC) strain MB 90 produksi PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Medan. Ransum perlakuan adalah . P0+= Pemberian air minum ditambah vita stress atau tanpa EDK dengan pemberian pakan 100% ransum komersil (RK), P0-= Pemberian air minum ditambah vita stress atau tanpa EDK namun pemberian pakan 80% RK disubstitusi dengan 20% bahan pakan substitusi (BPS), P1= air minum dengan pemberian EDK 0,5 g/L air; pakan 80% RK + 20% BPS, P2= air minum dengan pemberian EDK 1 g/L air; pakan 80% RK + 20% BPS, P3= air minum dengan pemberian EDK 2 g/L air; pakan 80% RK + 20% BPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Setiap ulangan merupakan unit percobaaan yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 ekor anak ayam. Data yang didapat ditabulasikan, kemudian dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Apabila hasil dari analisis tersebut didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata, analisis dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan.
Hasil sidik ragam memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian EDK dalam air minum dengan pemberian ransum substitusi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, berat badan dan pertambahan berat badan, konversi, dan efisiensi ransum, serta konsumsi air minum ayam broiler umur lima minggu. Capaian BBA dan PBB relatif lebih sama dibandingkan dengan ayam broiler yang diberikan seluruhnya ransum komersil (P0+). Pemberian EDK (P1, P2, P3) cenderung memiliki konversi dan efisiensi ransum yang relatif lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ayam broiler yang diberikan seluruhnya ransum komersil (P0+) maupun ransum substitusi tanpa EDK (P0-). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun kelor dalam level 0,5-2 g/L air minum belum mampu meningkatkan berat badan, namun dapat memperbaiki angka konversi ransum ayam broiler. Penggunaan ekstrak kelor sebanyak 0,5-2 g/L air dapat mencegah ayam stress dan mengurangi angka kematian sehingga dapat menggantikan peranan vita stress.

One of the supporting factors for the success of raising broiler chickens is livestock health, where generally to increase the immunity of broiler chickens, breeders provide supplements and medicines such as chemical antibiotics. The use of chemical antibiotics can cause dangerous chemical residues in the products produced and cause resistance to dangerous bacteria in the chicken's body. Therefore, some feed ingredients can be used as natural alternative feed additives as a substitute for feed additives Commercially, it is able to increase the body's immunity and produce meat efficiently. Natural feed additives that have the potential to be used include medicinal plants. Many plants found in Indonesia have the potential to be used as feed additives, including Moringa oleifera L. This research was conducted at the Livestock Field Laboratory (LLP), Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University from March 29 to May 2 2024. This research used 100 broiler chicks (DOC) strain MB 90 produced by PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Medan . The treatment ration is . P0+= Providing drinking water plus vita stress or without EDK by feeding 100% commercial ration (RK), P0-= Providing drinking water plus vita stress or without EDK but feeding 80% RK substituted with 20% substitute feed ingredients (BPS) , P1= drinking water with EDK 0.5 g/L water; feed 80% RK + 20% BPS, P2= drinking water with EDK 1 g/L water; feed 80% RK + 20% BPS, P3= drinking water with EDK 2 g/L water; feed 80% RK + 20% CPM. This research used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each replication is an experimental unit, each consisting of 5 chicks. The data obtained was tabulated, then analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If the results of the analysis show significantly different results, the analysis is continued with the Duncan Multiple Range test. The results of variance analysis showed that giving EDK in drinking water by providing substitute rations had no significant effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, body weight and weight gain, conversion and feed efficiency, as well as drinking water consumption of five- week-old broiler chickens. . The BBA and PBB achievements were relatively the same compared to broiler chickens that were given entirely commercial rations (P0+). Giving EDK (P1, P2, P3) tends to have relatively better feed conversion and efficiency compared to broiler chickens that are given entirely commercial rations (P0+) or substitute rations without EDK (P0-). From the results of this study it can be concluded that administering Moringa leaf extract at a level of 0.5-2 g/L in drinking water has not been able to increase body weight, but can improve the ration conversion rate of broiler chickens. The use of Moringa extract as much as 0.5-2 g/L of water can prevent chickens from stress and reduce the death rate so that it can replace the role stress.