Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian tentang keanekaragaman kupu-kupu pengisap buah pada beberapa tipe habitat di Stasiun Penelitian Soraya, Kawasan Ekosistem Leuser bertjuan untuk menghitung keanekaragaman kupu-kupu pengisap buah pada beberapa tipe habitat dan membandingkan efektivitas masing-masing jenis umpan yang digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksprimental dengan menggunakan perangkap umpan cylindrical gauze yang ditempatkan pada 60 titik di tiga habitat, yaitu hutan, restorasi dan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Sebanyak tiga jenis umpan berupa belimbing, nanas dan pisang diujikan secara multiple choice. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2023 – Juli 2024. Hasil penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 501 individu dari 47 jenis kupu-kupu pengisap buah. Jumlah jenis dan individu kupu-kupu paling banyak ditemukan pada habitat hutan, yakni sebanyak 281 individu dari 37 jenis kupu-kupu dengan indeks keanekaragaman tergolong tinggi (H’ = 3,09). Jumlah jenis dan individu yang didapatkan di habitat restorasi sebanyak 107 individu dari 26 spesies sedangkan di habitat perkebunan kelapa sawit sebanyak 113 individu dari 19 jenis kupu-kupu. Indeks keanekaragaman pada habitat restorasi (H’ = 2,78) dan perkebunan kelapa sawit (H’ = 2,44) tergolong sedang. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan tipe habitat berpengaruh terhadap jumlah jenis dan individu kupu-kupu pengisap buah. Hasil uji lanjut Dunn Bonferroni menunjukkan habitat hutan memiliki nilai rata-rata tertinggi serta berbeda secara signifikan dengan habitat restorasi dan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis pada jenis umpan menunjukkan perbedaan jenis umpan tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah jenis kupu-kupu pengisap buah, namun berpengaruh terhadap jumlah individu. Hasil uji lanjut Dunn Bonferroni menunjukkan penggunaan umpan nanas memiliki perbedaan signifikan dengan umpan belimbing dan pisang. Umpan nanas memiliki efektivitas yang paling tinggi, diikuti oleh umpan pisang dan umpan belimbing.

Kata kunci: kupu-kupu pengisap buah, keanekaragaman, Stasiun Penelitian Soraya

Research on the diversity of fruit-feeding butterflies in several habitat types at Soraya Research Station, Leuser Ecosystem Area aimed to calculate the diversity of fruit-feeding butterflies in several habitat types and compare the effectiveness of each type of bait used. The method used in this study is an experimental method using cylindrical gauze bait traps placed at 60 points in three habitats, namely forest, restoration and oil palm plantations. A total of three types of bait in the form of starfruit, pineapple and banana were tested in multiple choice. This research was conducted in December 2023 - June 2024. The results of the study obtained a total of 501 individuals from 47 species of fruit-feeding butterflies. The highest number of butterfly species and individuals were found in the forest habitat, namely 281 individuals of 37 butterfly species with a diversity index classified as high (H' = 3.09). The number of species and individuals found in the restoration habitat was 107 individuals of 26 species while in the oil palm plantation habitat there were 113 individuals of 19 butterfly species. The diversity index in the restoration habitat (H' = 2.78) and oil palm plantation (H' = 2.44) is classified as medium. The Kruskal Wallis test results show that different habitat types affect the number of species and individuals of fruit-feeding butterflies. The results of the Dunn Bonferroni further test show that forest habitat has the highest average value and is significantly different from restoration habitat and oil palm plantations. Kruskal Wallis test results on the type of bait showed that different types of bait did not affect the number of species of fruit-feeding butterflies, but affected the number of individuals. Dunn Bonferroni further test results show the use of pineapple bait has a significant difference with star fruit and banana bait. Pineapple bait had the highest effectiveness, followed by banana bait and star fruit bait. Keywords: fruit-feeding butterfly, diversity, Soraya Research Station