Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tanaman nilam merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan untuk produksi minyak atsiri atau esensial oil. Tanaman nilam sudah dibudidayakan di beberapa tempat termasuk di Kecamatan Lhoong Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Produksi dan kadar minyak nilam di Aceh masih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan standar kadar minyak nilam nasional. Ketersediaan hara makro dan mikro pada lahan penanaman nilam perlu diperhatikan agar tanaman nilam yang dibudidayakan tidak mengalami kekurangan atau kelebihan unsur hara. Evaluasi status unsur hara di dalam tanah sangat penting dalam menetapkan kebutuhan hara dan menjaga kualitas tanah dan hasil tanaman nilam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi status unsur hara makro N, P, K, Ca, dan Mg serta unsur mikro Fe pada tanah Inceptisols Kecamatan Lhoong Kabupaten Aceh Besar untuk Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth).
Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kauntitatif yang didasarkan pada observasi lapangan dan analisis laboratorium. Analisis sifat kimia tanah serta unsur hara makro dan mikro Fe dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Tanah Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam, Banda Aceh dan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Lampineung Banda Aceh. Penelitian dilakukan pada Juli 2023 sampai Maret 2024. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada tanah Inceptisols pada 6 (enam) satuan peta lahan (SPL) yang diperoleh dari 2 kelas lereng (0-8% dan 8-15%) dan 3 pola penggunaan lahan yaitu: hutan sekunder, kebun campuran, dan semak belukar. Setiap SPL diambil 1 subsampel tanah komposit setiap luas areal 100 ha, sehingga secara keseluruhan diperoleh 13 titik sampel hasil komposit. Sampel tanah diambil pada atas yaitu kedalaman 0-20 cm. Parameter yang dianalisis di laboratorium meliputi: pH, C organik, N total, P tersedia, K dapat ditukar (K-dd), Ca dapat ditukar (Ca-dd), Mg dapat ditukar (Mg-dd), dan Fe tersedia.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah termasuk dalam kriteria masam hingga agak masam dan C organik rendah hingga sangat tinggi. Kandungan dan status hara makro yang sangat bervariasi antara SPL. N total berkriteria rendah hingga tinggi, P tersedia berkriteria sangat rendah hingga rendah, K-dd berkriteria rendah hingga sangat tinggi, Ca-dd berkriteria rendah hingga sangat tinggi, Mg-dd berkriteria rendah hingga sedang, dan Fe tersedia berkriteria sangat rendah.

Patchouli is one of the plants that are widely cultivated for the production of essential oils. Patchouli has been cultivated in several places including in Lhoong District, Aceh Besar Regency. The production and content of patchouli oil in Aceh is still low when compared to the national standard of patchouli oil content. The availability of macro and micro nutrients in patchouli planting land needs to be considered so that the cultivated patchouli plants do not experience a deficiency or excess of nutrients. Evaluation of nutrient status in the soil is very important in determining nutrient requirements and maintaining soil quality and patchouli plant yields. This study aims to evaluate the status of macro nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg and micro elements Fe in Inceptisols soil in Lhoong District, Aceh Besar Regency for Patchouli Plants (Pogostemon cablin Benth). This study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods based on field observations and laboratory analysis. Analysis of soil chemical properties and macro and micro nutrients Fe was conducted at the Soil Chemistry Laboratory of Syiah Kuala Darussalam University, Banda Aceh and the Agricultural Technology Assessment Center (BPTP) Lampineung Banda Aceh. The study was conducted from July 2023 to March 2024. Soil sampling was carried out on Inceptisols soil on 6 (six) land map units (SPL) obtained from 2 slope classes (0-8% and 8-15%) and 3 land use patterns, namely: secondary forest, mixed gardens, and shrubs.Each SPL is taken1 composite soil subsample for every 100 ha area, so that overall we get13 sample points of composite results.Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm. Parameters analyzed in the laboratory include: pH, organic C, total N, available P, exchangeable K (K-dd), exchangeable Ca (Ca-dd), exchangeable Mg (Mg-dd), and available Fe. The research results showed that soil pH was included in the criteria of acid to slightly acid and organic C was low to very high. Macro nutrient content and status varied greatly between SPLs. Total N has low to high criteria, available P has very low to low criteria, K-dd has low to very high criteria, Ca-dd has low to very high criteria, Mg-dd has low to medium criteria, and available Fe has very low criteria.