Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Katalis oksida anorganik telah berhasil dipreparasi dengan memanfaatkan mineral batu kapur (limestone) dari Lhoknga, Kabupaten Aceh Besar sebagai katalis heterogen anorganik serta uji aktivitas katalitiknya pada reaksi transestrifikasi minyak Refined Blanched Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) untuk sintesis biodiesel. Preparasi oksida anorganik dilakukan melalui proses kalsinasi pada suhu 900°C selama 5 jam dan dilanjutkan dengan modifikasi ion logam Na dengan menggunakan NaCl Laboratorium dan NaCl Lokal. Selanjutnya, katalis yang dipreparasi dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffractions (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) dan Scanning Electron Micriscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Berdasarkan difraktogram XRD, katalis didominasi oleh kristal CaO dan CaCO3. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan SEM-EDS menunjukkan bahwa katalis yang dimodifikasi menggunakan ion Na memiliki morfologi permukaan yang homogen dan distribusi ukuran partikel yang homogen. Berdasarkan kromatogram GC-MS, biodiesel telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan katalis yang dipreparasi pada penelitian ini dengan presentasi yield 90%. Biodiesel hasil sintesis memiliki nilai massa jenis, viskositas, bilangan asam dan warna yang memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).

The inorganic oxide catalyst has been successfully prepared by utilizing limestone minerals from Lhoknga, Aceh Besar Regency as an inorganic heterogeneous catalyst and its catalytic activity was tested in the Refined Blanched Deodorized Palm Oil transestrification reaction (RBDPO) for biodiesel synthesis. Inorganic oxide preparation was carried out through a calcination process at a temperature of 900°C for 5 hours and continued with modification of the Na metal ion using Laboratory NaCl and local NaCl. Next, the prepared catalyst was characterized using X-Ray Diffractions (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Based on the XRD diffractogram, the catalyst is dominated by CaO and CaCO3 crystals. Characterization results using SEM-EDS show that the catalyst modified using Na metal ion has a homogeneous surface morphology and homogeneous particle size distribution. Based on the GC-MS chromatogram, biodiesel has been successfully synthesized using the catalyst prepared in this research with a yield presentation of 90%. The synthetic biodiesel has density, viscosity, acid number and color values that meet the Indonesian National Standards (SNI).