Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sintesis nanopartikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat (Gecarcoidea lalandii) melalui metode presipitasi telah berhasil dilakukan. Katalis yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, FTIR dan SEM-EDS. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa partikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat fresh dan setelah dikalsinasi menghasilkan komponen utama berupa Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, dan CaO. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan ukuran partikel menggunakan persamaan Scherrer dari intensitas spesifik XRD diketahui bahwa partikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat fresh memiliki ukuran partikel sebesar 322 nm, sedangkan ukuran partikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat setelah dikalsinasi yaitu sebesar 34,59 nm. Hasil karakterisasi lebih lanjut menggunakan SEM-EDS menunjukkan bahwa partikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat memperlihatkan unsur kalsium (Ca) sebagai kandungan paling dominan pada partikel oksida anorganik fresh 25,05% dan setelah dikalsinasi 34,59%. (b/b) Pengujian kinerja katalitik dari katalis yang dipreparasi dengan metode presipitasi diaplikasikan pada sistem reaksi tranesterifikasi minyak Refined Blanched Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) dengan metanol menjadi biodiesel, diperoleh nilai yield biodiesel menggunakan katalis partikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat fresh sebesar 90%, sedangkan nilai yield biodiesel menggunakan katalis partikel oksida anorganik dari cangkang kepiting kibau darat setelah dikalsinasi sebesar 98 %. Hasil analisis GC-MS mengidentifikasi beberapa jenis metil ester dalam biodiesel hasil transesterifikasi yang terdiri atas metil palmitat, metil oleat, metil linoleat, metil stearat, metil miristat, metil linoleat, metil laurat. Karakterisasi biodiesel yang dihasilkan memiliki bilangan asam, densitas, dan viskositas yang sesuai dengan standar kualitas biodiesel SNI 7182:2015.
Kata kunci: cangkang kepiting, biodiesel, transesterifikasi, nanopartikel.

Synthesis of inorganic oxide nanoparticles from land crab shells (Gecarcoidea lalandii) through precipitation method has been successfully carried out. The catalyst obtained was characterized using XRD, FTIR and SEM-EDS. The characterization results using XRD and FTIR indicated that inorganic oxide particles from fresh land crab shells and calcined shell containing main components in the form of Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, and CaO. Based on the calculation of particle size using the Scherrer equation based XRD diffractogram, it is known that fresh inorganic oxide particles of land crab shells have a particle size of 322 nm, while the particle size of inorganic oxide from land crab shells changing after calcination leading to 34.59 nm. Further characterization results using SEM-EDS showed that inorganic oxide particles from land crab shells containing calcium (Ca) as the most dominant content in fresh inorganic oxide particles 25.05% and enhancing at 34.59% after calcination process. Catalytic performance of obtained inorganic oxides prepared by precipitation method was applied to the transesterification reaction system of Refined Blanched Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) with methanol into biodiesel, the yield value of biodiesel using inorganic oxide particle catalysts from fresh land crab shells was 90%, while the yield value of biodiesel using inorganic oxide particle catalysts from land crab shells after calcination was 98%. The results of GC-MS analysis identified several types of methyl esters in transesterified biodiesel consisting of methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, methyl stearate, methyl myristate, methyl linoleate, methyl laurate. The characterization of the biodiesel produced has an acid number, density, and viscosity that are in accordance with the biodiesel quality standards SNI 7182:2015. Keywords: crab shells, biodiesel, transesterification, nanoparticles.