Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Salah satu faktor pendukung keberhasilan pemeliharaan ayam broiler adalah kesehatan ternak dimana pada umumnya untuk meningkatkan kekebalan ayam broiler peternak memberikan suplemen dan obat-obatan seperti antibiotik kimia. Penggunaan antibiotik kimia dapat menyebabkan residu bahan kimia dalam produk yang dihasilkan dan menyebabkan resistensi bakteri-bakteri berbahaya yang terdapat di dalam tubuh ayam. Oleh karena itu, beberapa bahan pakan dapat digunakan sebagai feed additive alternatif alami sebagai pengganti feed additive komersial, mampu meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh, dan memproduksi daging secara efisien. Feed additive alami yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan, antara lain, adalah tanaman obat. Banyak tanaman yang terdapat di Indonesia yang mempunyai potensi untuk dijadikan feed additive antara lain, kelor (Moringa oleifera). Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi berat dan persentase organ dalam ayam broiler sebagai akibat dari penggunaan ekstrak daun kelor melalui air minum yang pemberian ransumnya berupa ransum komersil yang 20% disubstitusi dengan bahan pakan alternatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP), Departemen Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala tanggal 29 Maret sampai dengan 2 Mei 2024. Pemotongan dan pengambilan data organ dalam dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknoligi Pengolahan Daging, Departemen Peternakan, Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 ekor anak ayam broiler (DOC) strain MB 90 produksi PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Medan. Ransum perlakuan adalah . P0+= pemberian air minum ditambah vita stress (VS) atau tanpa EDK dengan pemberian pakan 100% ransum komersil (RK), P0-= pemberian air minum ditambah VS atau tanpa EDK namun pemberian pakan 80% RK disubstitusi dengan 20% bahan pakan substitusi (BPS), P1= air minum dengan pemberian EDK 0,5 g/L air; pakan 80% RK + 20% BPS, P2= air minum dengan pemberian EDK 1 g/L air; pakan 80% RK + 20% BPS, dan P3= air minum dengan pemberian EDK 2 g/L air; pakan 80% RK + 20% BPS.
Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan, 4 ulangan, dan 2 subsampling. Setiap ulangan merupakan unit percobaaan yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 ekor anak ayam. Data yang didapat ditabulasikan, kemudian dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Apabila hasil dari analisis tersebut didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata, analisis dilanjutkan dengan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan.
Hasil sidik ragam memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian EDK dalam air minum dengan pemberian ransum substitusi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap bobot dan persentase organ saluran pencernaan broiler (tembolok, gizzard, dan usus), bobot dan persentase organ pembantu pencernaan (hati, pankreas, limpa), bobot dan persentase organ sirkulasi (jantung, darah), dan bobot dan persentase lemak abdomen. Bobot dan persentase organ-organ tersebut tidak jauh berbeda pada ayam yang diberikan perlakuan EDK dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa EDK. Semua bobot dan persentase organ tersebut berada dalam kisaran normal.
Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak daun kelor di dalam air minum tidak menyebabkan pengaruh negatif terhadap bobot dan persentase organ-organ dalam ayam broiler. Ekstrak daun kelor dapat digunakan sebanyak 0,5-2 g/L di dalam air minum tanpa mengganggu kinerja organorgan dalam ayam broiler. Ekstrak daun kelor aman digunakan dan dapat mencegah ayam broiler stress dan mengurangi angka kematian sehingga dapat menggantikan peran vita stress.

One of the supporting factors for the success of raising broiler chickens is livestock health which is generally to increase the immunity of broiler chickens Farmers provide supplements and medicines such as chemical antibiotics. The use of chemical antibiotics can cause chemical residues in the product is produced and causes resistance to the dangerous bacteria contained within chicken body. Therefore, some feed ingredients can be used as feed Natural alternative additives as a substitute for commercial feed additives, are able to increase immunity, and produce meat efficiently. Natural feed additive Potentially utilized, among other things, are medicinal plants. Many plants are found in Indonesia which have the potential to be used as feed additives, including, Moringa (Moringa oleifera). The aim of this research is to evaluate weight and percentage of internal organs in broiler chickens as a result of using Moringa leaf extract through drinking water where the ration is provided in the form of a commercial ration of 20% substituted with alternative feed ingredients. This research was conducted at the Animal Husbandry Field Laboratory (LLP), Department Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University March 29 to May 2 2024. Cutting and data collection of internal organs is carried out in the laboratory Meat Processing Science and Technology, Department of Animal Husbandry, Shia University Kuala. This research used 100 broiler chicks (DOC) of the MB 90 strain production of PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Medan. The treatment ration is . P0+= giving drinking water plus vita stress (VS) or without EDK with feeding 100% commercial ration (RK), P0-= giving drinking water plus VS or without EDK however, feeding 80% RK substituted with 20% substitute feed ingredients (BPS), P1 = drinking water with EDK 0.5 g/L water; feed 80% RK + 20% BPS, P2= water drinking by administering EDK 1 g/L water; feed 80% RK + 20% BPS, and P3= water drinking by administering EDK 2 g/L water; feed 80% RK + 20% CPM. This research using a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments, 4 replications, and 2 subsampling. Each repetition is an experimental unit that each consists of of 5 chicks. The data obtained was tabulated, then analyzed using. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If the results of this analysis are obtained significantly different, the analysis was continued with Duncan's Multiple Range test. The results of variance showed that the administration of EDK in drinking water with giving substitution rations had no significant effect (P>0.05) on weight and percentage of broiler digestive tract organs (crop, gizzard, and intestine), weight and percentage of digestive aid organs (liver, pancreas, spleen), weight and percentage circulatory organs (heart, blood), and weight and percentage of abdominal fat. Weight and The percentage of these organs was not much different in chickens that were given treatment EDK compared with treatment without EDK. All organ weights and percentages is within the normal range. From the results of the research that has been carried out it can be concluded that the use of Moringa leaf extract in drinking water does not cause negative effects on weight and percentage of organs in broiler chickens. Moringa leaf extract can used as much as 0.5-2 g/L in drinking water without disturbing the performance of the internal organs of broiler chickens. Moringa leaf extract is safe to use and can prevent broiler chickens stress and reduce mortality so they can replace the role vita stress.