Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak bawang merah terhadap viabilitas benih cabai merah keriting kadalursa serta hubungan antara perlakuan perbedaan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman terhadap viabilitas benih cabai merah keriting kadaluarsa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2020 sampai Juli 2021 di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Unit penelitian disusun berdasarkan Kontras Orthogonal dalam RAL Faktorial dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 0,05%. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah dengan 5 taraf perlakuan, faktor kedua adalah lama perendaman yang terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan dan ditambah kontrol sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap viabilitas benih cabai merah keriting kadaluarsa berdasarkan parameter potensi tumbuh (PT), daya berkecambah (DB), waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai total perkecambahan 50% (T50) dan kecepatan tumbuh (KCT). Perlakuan lama perendaman tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap viabilitas benih cabai merah keriting kadaluarsa berdasarkan parameter potensi tumbuh (PT) namun berpengaruh nyata berdasarkan parameter daya berkecambah (DB), T50 dan kecepatan tumbuh (KCT). Berdasarkan parameter DB setiap taraf lama perendaman tidak berbeda nyata sementara berdasarkan parameter T50 dan KCT taraf lama perendaman terbaik diperoleh pada 18 jam. Perlakuan interaksi antara ekstrak bawang merah konsentrasi 25% (K1) dan lama perendaman 18 jam (P3) mampu meningkatkan viabilitas benih cabai merah keriting kadaluarsa berdasarkan parameter T50 dan parameter KCT. Perlakuan interaksi parameter DB diperoleh nilai terbaik pada perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah 25% (K1) dengan lama perendaman 6 jam (P1) dan 12 jam (P2) serta perlakuan konsentrasi 75% (K3) dengan lama perendaman 18 jam (P3).

Kata kunci : Benih cabai kadaluarsa, viabilitas, konsentrasi, lama perendaman, ekstrak bawang merah.

ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the effect of shallot extract on the viability of expired Indonesian red chili seeds and the relationship between treatment of different concentrations and soaking time on the viability of expired Indonesian red chili seeds. This research was conducted in November 2020 until july 2021 at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The experimental unit was arranged based on the Orthogonal Contrast in the Factorial CRD and continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 0.05% significance level. The first factor was the concentration of shallot extract with 5 stages of treatment, the second factor was the soaking time consisting of 3 stages of treatment and added control variable as a comparison. The results showed that the concentration had no significant effect the viability of expired Indonesian red chili seeds based on the potential growth rate (PT), germination percentage (DB), median germination time (T50) and germination speed (KCT) parameters. The soaking time treatment did not significantly affect the viability of expired Indonesian red chili seeds based on the the potential growth rate (PT) parameters but had a significant effect based on the germination percentage (DB), median germination time (T50) and germination speed (KCT) parameters. Based on the germination percentage (DB) parameters, each stage of soaking time treatment was not significantly different, while based on the median germination time (T50) and germination speed (KCT) parameters, the best soaking time was obtained at 18 hours. The interaction treatment between shallot extract with a concentration of 25% (K1) and soaking time 18 hours (P3) was able to increase the viability of expired Indonesian red chili seeds on the T50 parameter and KCT parameter, while the interaction treatment on the germination percentage (DB) parameter obtained the best value at treatment K1 with soaking time P1, K1 with soaking time P2 and K3 with soaking time P3. Keywords: Expired chili seeds, viability, concentration, soaking time, shallot extracts.