Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Jamblang (Syzygium cumini L. Skeels) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki khasiat sebagai anti bakteri dan berpotensi diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan emulgel. Penelitian uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji jamblang menjadi sediaan emulgel telah dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui konsentrasi optimun ekstrak etanol biji jamblang, formulasi emulgel dan uji aktivitas sediaan untuk menghambat
pertumbuhan bakteri S.aureus dan S.epidermidis. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan cara membuat sumur atau lubang pada media MHA yang mengandung mikroba uji. Hasil karakterisasi simplisia
menunjukkan kadar air 6,3%, kadar abu total 1,5 %, kadar sari larut air 18,3% dan kadar sari larut etanol 12,6%. Ekstrak etanol 96% diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menghasilkan ekstrak berwarna coklat pekat. Hasil karakterisasi ekstrak menunjukkan kadar air 9,33 %, kadar abu total 1,6%, kadar sari larut air 29,66 % dan kadar sari larut etanol 42,6%. Hasil uji fitokimia ekstrak biji jamblang mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan triterpenoid. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak biji jamblang pada konsentrasi 1,25; 2,5; 5; 10; 15 dan 20% terhadap bakteri S.aureus adalah 12,44; 17,51; 22,23; 25,46; 27,46 dan 28,15 mm. Sedangkan terhadap bakteriS.epidermidis adalah 11,40; 11,82; 16,34; 17,2; 19,76 dan 22,08 mm. Modifikasi yang dilakukan ialah menggantikan bahan aktif menjadi ekstrak biji jamblang dengan konsentrasi 5; 10; 15% dan mengubah HPMC menjadi 3%. Hasil uji evaluasi stabilitas karakteristik organoleptis dan homogenitas keempat sediaan tidak mengalami perubahan. Hasil pengujian pH, viskositas, daya sebar dan daya lekat masih memenuhi syarat mutu sediaan yang baik, walaupun mengalami penurunan. Hasil uji iritasi keempat sediaan tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan emulgel pada konsentrasi 5%; 10% dan 15% terhadap bakteri S.aureus menghasilkan zona hambat sebesar 14,16; 20,52 dan 21,44 mm dan bakteri S.epidermidis 14,79; 16,09 dan 19,02 mm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan semua sediaan yang dihasilkan memenuhi persyaratan mutu sediaan dan memiliki aktivitas terhadap bakteri S.aureus dan S.epidermidis. Sediaan emulgel biji jamblang sangat berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif obat anti jerawat.
Kata kunci : Anti jerawat, biji jamblang, emulgel

Jamblang (Syzygium cumini L. Skeels) is a plant that has anti-bacterial properties and has the potential to be formulated in an emulgel dosage form. Research on the antibacterial activity test of jamblang seed extract into emulgel preparations was carried out with the aim of knowing the optimal concentration of jamblang seed ethanol extract, emulgel formulation and testing the activity of the preparation to inhibit the growth of S.aureus and S.epidermidis bacteria. The antibacterial activity test used the well diffusion method by making wells or holes in the MHA media containing the test microbes. The results of simplicia characterization showed 6.3% water content, 1.5% total ash content, 18.3% water soluble extract content and 12.6% ethanol soluble extract content. 96% ethanol extract obtained by maceration method produces a dark brown extract. The results of the characterization of the extract showed that the water content was 9.33%, the total ash content was 1.6%, the water soluble extract content was 29.66% and the ethanol soluble extract content was 42.6%. Phytochemical test results Jamblang seed extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tanins and triterpenoids. The results of the antibacterial activity test of jamblang seed extract at a concentration of 1.25; 2.5; 5; 10; 15 and 20% against S. aureus bacteria was 12,44; 17,51; 22,23; 25,46; 27,46 dan 28,15 mm. In S. epidermidis bacteria it is 11,40; 11,82; 16,34; 17,2; 19,76 dan 22,08 mm. The modifications made were to replace the active ingredient into jamblang seed extract with a concentration of 5; 10; 15% and changed HPMC to 3%. The results of the evaluation of the stability of the organoleptic characteristics and the homogeneity of the four preparations did not change. The test results of pH, viscosity, dispersion and adhesion of F2 and F3 preparations changed but were still within the range of requirements. The results of the irritation test of the four preparations did not cause irritation. The results of the antibacterial activity of emulgel preparations at a concentration of 5%; 10% and 15% against S. aureus bacteria produced an inhibition zone diameter of 14,16; 20,52 dan 21,44 mm and S. epidermidis bacteria 14,79; 16,09 dan 19,02 mm. Based on this study, it was shown that all preparations met the quality requirements of preparations and preparations had antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. Epidermidis bacteria. Jamblang seed emulgel preparations have the potential to be developed as anti acne drug. Keywords: Acne vulgaris, emulgel. jamblang seeds